Sponsor: Catherine Spina (other)
Phase: 2
Start date: July 1, 2023
Planned enrollment: 23
Zimberelimab (also known as AB122, GLS-010, WBP-3055) is a fully human IgG4 monoclonal antibody targeting PD-1, developed using the OmniRat transgenic platform. It has been evaluated as monotherapy and in combinations across multiple solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. In China, zimberelimab is approved for relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma (r/r cHL; 2021) and for PD-L1–positive recurrent/metastatic cervical cancer (2023); development continues globally where it remains investigational. (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
Zimberelimab binds PD-1 with high affinity (KD ≈ 1.75×10⁻¹⁰ M), blocking PD‑L1/PD‑L2 interactions and restoring T‑cell activity. Preclinical studies demonstrated effective checkpoint blockade and antitumor activity in PD‑1 humanized mouse models. (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (r/r cHL; phase II, single arm, n=85): Objective response rate (ORR) 90.6% (95% CI 82.3–95.9); complete response (CR) 32.9%. Twelve‑month PFS and OS were 78% and 99%, respectively. (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
Cervical cancer (recurrent/metastatic, PD‑L1–positive; phase II, single arm, n=105): ORR 27.6%; disease control rate 55.2%; median PFS 3.7 months; median OS 16.8 months; duration of response not reached at 16.9‑month median follow‑up. Results supported approval in China. (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
Gastric cancer (AFP‑elevated; phase I, combination with lenvatinib + XELOX; n=9): ORR 33.3%; all patients achieved disease control; median PFS 7.67 months and OS 13.17 months in a small dose‑escalation cohort. (pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
Esophageal cancer (first‑line; phase 1a/b, zimberelimab + futibatinib + FP chemotherapy; ASCO 2025 abstract): Confirmed ORR 58.5% (overall ORR 70.7%); disease control rate 92.7%; median PFS 4.9 months; data are preliminary. (ascopubs.org)
Non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC; PD‑L1‑high): In randomized studies, adding domvanalimab (anti‑TIGIT) to zimberelimab improved outcomes versus zimberelimab alone (e.g., PFS improvement in ARC‑7; OS improvement in ARC‑10 Part 1), though detailed peer‑reviewed data are pending. A phase 3 ARC‑10 design comparing domvanalimab+zimberelimab to pembrolizumab has been described. (investors.gilead.com)
Across studies, zimberelimab’s safety profile is consistent with PD‑1 inhibitors. In r/r cHL, treatment‑related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred in 92.9%; grade ≥3 TRAEs in 28.2% (most common: hepatic lab abnormalities, hyperuricemia, neutropenia); one grade 5 AE (GI infection). (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
In PD‑L1–positive recurrent/metastatic cervical cancer, any‑grade TRAEs occurred in 78.1% (most common: hypothyroidism 26.7%, anemia 19.0%); grade ≥3 TRAEs in 22.9% in a related analysis. (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
In combinations, early‑phase studies reported manageable safety without new signals (e.g., lenvatinib+chemotherapy in AFP‑elevated gastric cancer; futibatinib+chemotherapy in esophageal cancer). (pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
China approvals: r/r cHL (August 2021) and PD‑L1–positive recurrent/metastatic cervical cancer (September 2023). Outside China, zimberelimab is investigational. (gilead.com)
Partnerships: The antibody (GLS‑010) originated with Gloria Biosciences/WuXi Biologics and was licensed to Arcus Biosciences for development ex‑China. Ongoing programs include combinations with domvanalimab (anti‑TIGIT) and etrumadenant (A2a/A2b antagonist). (wuxibiologics.com)
Notes: Reported combination benefits in NSCLC (ARC‑7/ARC‑10) are from company communications and conference disclosures; peer‑reviewed publications are awaited for full details. (investors.gilead.com)
Last updated: Oct 2025
Quemliclustat (AB680) is an investigational, small‑molecule inhibitor of CD73 (ecto‑5′‑nucleotidase, NT5E) being developed for solid tumors, most prominently first‑line metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDAC). In January 2024, updated Phase 1/1b ARC‑8 data in treatment‑naïve mPDAC showed median overall survival (mOS) of 15.7 months across patients treated with 100 mg quemliclustat‑based regimens, exceeding historical benchmarks for chemotherapy alone; a registrational Phase 3 trial (PRISM‑1) subsequently opened and, in July 2025, the FDA granted orphan drug designation to quemliclustat for pancreatic cancer. (ascopubs.org)
CD73 converts extracellular AMP to adenosine, which suppresses antitumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment. Quemliclustat is a potent, selective, reversible, competitive CD73 inhibitor (reported Ki ~5 pmol/L) that restores T‑cell proliferation, cytokine production, and cytotoxicity in preclinical systems and augments anti‑PD‑1 activity in mouse models. (aacrjournals.org)
First‑line mPDAC (ARC‑8, Phase 1/1b; NCT04104672). Regimens combined quemliclustat (100 mg) with gemcitabine/nab‑paclitaxel (GnP), with or without PD‑1 antibody zimberelimab.
Randomized expansion cohorts (data cutoff June 19, 2023):
• Q+GnP (n=29): Objective response rate (ORR) 41% (95% CI 24–61); confirmed ORR 38% (21–58); median progression‑free survival (PFS) 8.8 months (6.4–12.6); mOS 19.4 months (12.1–23.0).
• Q+Z+GnP (n=61): ORR 34% (23–48); confirmed ORR 25% (15–37); median PFS 4.9 months (3.7–6.0); mOS 14.6 months (10.6–21.5).
Pooled Q+Z+GnP across cohorts (n=93): ORR 38% (28–48); confirmed ORR 26% (17–36); mOS 13.9 months (11.1–18.7). (ascopubs.org)
Pooled analysis highlighted by the sponsor (n=122 treated at 100 mg): mOS 15.7 months; post‑hoc comparison with a synthetic control arm suggested a 37% reduction in risk of death versus chemotherapy alone; details presented at ASCO GI 2024. (Sponsor analysis; interpret with appropriate caution.) (investors.arcusbio.com)
Translational/biomarker analyses from ARC‑8 suggest quemliclustat reduces adenosine‑regulated NR4A gene expression and increases inflammatory signatures in mPDAC tumors. (aacrjournals.org)
Additional studies: A Phase 2 Big Ten Consortium trial (QUIC; BTCRC‑GI22‑564) is evaluating quemliclustat + zimberelimab with gemcitabine/cisplatin in first‑line advanced biliary tract cancers (therapy in progress; no efficacy readout yet). (ascopubs.org)
In ARC‑8 (100 mg cohorts; cutoff June 19, 2023), all patients experienced adverse events (AEs); Grade ≥3 AEs occurred in 85%, and 23% discontinued due to AEs. Common Grade ≥3 events included decreased neutrophil count (31%) and anemia (25%). Investigators reported that adding quemliclustat (± zimberelimab) to GnP produced no significant toxicity beyond that expected with chemotherapy. (ascopubs.org)
Notes: Quemliclustat is investigational; no regulatory approvals. Efficacy comparisons to historical controls or synthetic control arms should be interpreted cautiously pending results from randomized Phase 3 trials. (investors.arcusbio.com)
Last updated: Oct 2025
Etrumadenant (AB928; also GS-0928) is an investigational, orally available small‑molecule that blocks both adenosine A2A and A2B receptors, aiming to reverse adenosine‑mediated immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. It has been evaluated across multiple solid tumors, primarily in combination regimens with chemotherapy and checkpoint inhibitors. (aacrjournals.org)
Colorectal cancer (metastatic, previously treated; ARC‑9)
Non–small cell lung cancer (first‑line, PD‑L1–high; ARC‑7)
Colorectal cancer (earlier phase combination; ARC‑3)
Prostate cancer (mCRPC; ARC‑6, early readout)
Last updated: Oct 2025
Goal: Evaluate whether combining adenosine-axis modulation (quemliclustat [anti-CD73] and etrumadenant [A2A/A2B antagonist]) with PD-1 blockade (zimberelimab) and metastasis-directed SBRT improves local control and disease outcomes versus historical SBRT alone in hormone-sensitive oligometastatic prostate cancer, and characterize safety and effects on the tumor microenvironment.
Patients: Adult men (≥18 years) with histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate, prior definitive treatment to the primary (surgery and/or radiation ± prior limited ADT), hormone-sensitive status with testosterone >125 ng/mL, and 1–3 asymptomatic metastases (soft tissue or bone; ≤5 cm or ≤250 cm3) developing within 6 months. PSA >0.5 and <50 ng/mL with PSA doubling time <15 months, ECOG 0–2, adequate organ function, and life expectancy >12 months. Key exclusions include prior systemic therapy beyond allowed ADT window, brain metastases, significant visceral disease (pulmonary/liver lesions >1 cm), active autoimmune disease, chronic viral hepatitis or HIV, significant infections, pneumonitis, need for prohibited drug interactions, and inability to undergo SBRT.
Design: Single-arm, phase II Simon two-stage study with planned enrollment of 23 patients. Non-randomized allocation; primary purpose treatment. Outcomes benchmarked to prior SBRT-alone data (e.g., ORIOLE) rather than a concurrent control arm.
Treatments: All participants receive quemliclustat and etrumadenant for 4 weeks prior to metastasis-directed SBRT, followed by initiation of zimberelimab within one week after SBRT completion. SBRT is standard-of-care, ablative stereotactic body radiotherapy to oligometastatic sites. Quemliclustat (AB680) is an intravenous, first-in-class small-molecule CD73 inhibitor that blocks conversion of AMP to immunosuppressive adenosine, aiming to enhance anti-tumor immunity. Early clinical data, most notably from the ARC-8 phase 1b study in metastatic pancreatic cancer in combination with chemotherapy ± zimberelimab, showed a median overall survival of 15.7 months with manageable safety, suggesting biologic activity of CD73 blockade. Etrumadenant (AB928) is an oral dual antagonist of adenosine A2A and A2B receptors designed to reverse adenosine-mediated immunosuppression on T cells, NK cells, and myeloid cells; randomized phase II data in refractory mCRC (with zimberelimab and chemotherapy ± bevacizumab) demonstrated improved PFS and OS versus regorafenib, while results in other settings have been mixed. Zimberelimab is a human IgG4 anti–PD-1 antibody that restores anti-tumor T-cell activity; multiple phase II trials across solid tumors have shown responses and a safety profile consistent with PD-1 inhibitors, with regulatory approvals in select indications outside the US.
Outcomes: Primary: Biochemical recurrence-free survival at 12 months, using PSA rise ≥0.2 ng/mL above post-SBRT nadir as failure. Secondary: Biochemical recurrence-free survival at 6 months; radiographic response rates by CT, nuclear bone scan, and PSMA-PET at 6 months; proportion initiating ADT at 6, 12 months, and 3 years; pain over time by Brief Pain Inventory every 12 weeks up to 3.5 years; and safety/tolerability per CTCAE v5.0 at 6, 12 months, and 3 years.
Burden on patient: Moderate. Participants undergo combination systemic therapy around SBRT, with an initial 4-week lead-in of two investigational agents, subsequent SBRT, and initiation of PD-1 therapy shortly thereafter. Monitoring includes serial PSA measurements, periodic CT, nuclear bone scans, and PSMA-PET at 6 months, as well as regular safety assessments. While no intensive pharmacokinetic sampling or mandatory serial biopsies are specified, investigational IV and oral agents, infusion visits for zimberelimab, imaging at predefined intervals, and BPI assessments every 12 weeks over an extended follow-up add visit frequency and travel beyond standard SBRT-alone care. Potential management of immune-related adverse events and drug–drug interaction constraints may further increase visit complexity.
Last updated: Oct 2025
Inclusion Criteria:
1. Patient must have histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate.
2. Patient's primary prostate cancer tumor treated with surgery and/or radiation (+/- ADT).
3. Patients must have one to three asymptomatic metastatic tumors of the bone or soft tissue that developed in the preceding 6 months that are \< 5cm or \< 250 cm3.
4. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) \> 0.5 ng/mL but \< 50ng/ml
5. PSA doubling time (PSADT) \< 15 months (using all available PSA values from time of relapse)
6. Testosterone \> 125 ng/mL
7. Age ≥18 years.
8. Patient must have life expectancy \> 12 months.
9. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-2
10. Normal organ and marrow function as defined below:
* leukocytes ≥3,000/mcL
* absolute neutrophil count ≥1,500/mcL
* platelets ≥100,000/mcL
* total bilirubin within normal institutional limits
* aspartate transaminase (AST)(serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT))/alanine transaminase (ALT)(serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) ) ≤2.5 × institutional upper limit of normal creatinine, within normal institutional limits
11. Male participants with female partners of childbearing potential are required to use highly effective contraceptive measures which include condom use. A man is considered fertile after puberty unless permanently sterile by bilateral orchidectomy. A female partner of is considered a woman of childbearing potential (WOCBP) following menarche and until becoming postmenopausal unless permanently sterile.
* Permanent sterilization methods include hysterectomy, bilateral salpingectomy and bilateral oophorectomy.
* A postmenopausal state is defined as no menses for 12 months without an alternative medical cause. A high follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level in the postmenopausal range may be used to confirm a postmenopausal state in women not using hormonal contraception or hormonal replacement therapy. However, in the absence of 12 months of amenorrhea, a single FSH measurement is insufficient.
Highly effective contraceptive measures include:
* Combined (estrogen and progestogen containing) hormonal contraception associated with inhibition of ovulation: oral, intravaginal, transdermal
* Progestogen only hormonal contraception associated with inhibition of ovulation: oral, injectable, implantable
* Intrauterine device
* Intrauterine hormone-releasing system
* Surgical sterilization
* The male participant is vasectomized (with documented medical confirmation of surgical success) and is the sole sexual partner of the WOCBP participant
* Female partner of the male participant has undergone bilateral tubal ligation
* Complete sexual abstinence defined as refraining from heterosexual intercourse during the entire period of risk associated with study treatment. The reliability of sexual abstinence needs to be evaluated in relation to the duration of the clinical trial and the preferred and usual lifestyle of the participant.
12. Male participants should refrain from donating sperm for 180 days after the last dose of the study drugs.
13. Patient must have the ability to understand and the willingness to sign written informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Patient may not have had prior systemic therapy, with the exception of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) associated with treatment of the primary prostate tumor or with salvage radiation therapy. The ADT could not exceed 3-years in duration and must have occurred greater than 6 months before time of enrollment.
2. Patients with known brain metastases should be excluded from this clinical trial because of their poor prognosis and because they often develop progressive neurologic dysfunction that would confound the evaluation of neurologic and other adverse events.
3. Spinal cord compression or impending spinal cord compression.
4. Pulmonary and/or liver metastases \> 1.0cm in largest dimension.
5. History of malignancy other than prostate cancer within 2 years prior to screening, except for malignancies with a negligible risk of metastasis or death (e.g., 5-year OS rate \> 90%), such as nonmelanoma skin carcinoma or ductal carcinoma in situ.
6. Use of other investigational agents or treatment protocol.
7. Treatment with therapeutic oral or intravenous (IV) antibiotics within 2 weeks prior to initiation of study treatment with the exception of patients receiving prophylactic antibiotics (e.g., to prevent a urinary tract infection or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation) are eligible for the study.
8. Inability to swallow medications.
9. Malabsorption condition that would alter the absorption of orally administered medications.
10. Grade ≥ 3 hemorrhage or bleeding event within 28 days prior to initiation of study treatment.
11. History of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, organizing pneumonia (e.g., bronchiolitis obliterans), drug induced pneumonitis, or idiopathic pneumonitis, or evidence of active pneumonitis on screening chest computed tomography (CT) scan.
12. Severe infection within 4 weeks prior to initiation of study treatment, including, but not limited to, hospitalization for complications of infection, bacteremia, or severe pneumonia.
13. Positive total hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) test at screening. Patients can be eligible if positive total HBcAb test followed by a negative hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA test at screening. The HBV test will be performed only for participants who have a positive total HBcAb test. Due to safety concerns related to viral activation, development of a secondary malignancy, as well as the potential for increased treatment-related toxicity, eligible participants must not have evidence of chronic viral infection at screening.
14. Due to the potential risk for drug-drug interactions with etrumadenant, participants must not have had:
1. Oral treatment with strong inhibitors of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) (e.g., cyclosporin A, eltrombopag) or BRCP substrates with a narrow therapeutic window, administered orally (e.g., prazosin, rosuvastatin) within 4 weeks or 5 drug-elimination half-lives of the drug (whichever is longer) prior to initiation of study treatment.
2. Oral treatment with strong inhibitors of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates (e.g., itraconazole, quinidine, verapamil, dronedarone, ranolazine) or P-gp with a narrow therapeutic window, administered orally (e.g., digoxin) within 4 weeks or 5 drug-elimination half-lives of the drug (whichever is longer) prior to initiation of study treatment.
3. Treatment with known strong CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., rifampin, phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, and St. John's Wort) or strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., clarithromycin, grapefruit juice, itraconazole, ketoconazole, posaconazole, telithromycin, and voriconazole) within 4 weeks or 5 half-lives of the drug (whichever is longer) prior to initiation of study treatment.
4. Treatment with known strong UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) of UGT1A1, 1A4, 1A9 and 2B4 inhibitors (e.g., atazanavir) within 4 weeks or 5 half-lives of the drug, whichever is longer, prior to the initiation of study treatment.
5. Treatment with known sensitive substrates of BSEP within 4 weeks or 5 half-lives of the drug, whichever is longer, prior to the initiation of study treatment.
6. Treatment with known sensitive substrates of OCT2 within 4 weeks or 5 half-lives of the drug, whichever is longer, prior to the initiation of study treatment.
7. Treatment with known sensitive substrates of MATE1 within 4 weeks or 5 half-lives of the drug, whichever is longer, prior to the initiation of study treatment.
15. Immunosuppression (e.g., solid organ transplant on immunosuppression).
16. No known HIV, or active with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) or Hepatitis B Virus (HBV).
17. Active autoimmune disease.
18. Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements.
19. Inability to lie flat to tolerate computed tomography (CT) simulation study and oligometastasis-directed stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT).
20. Use of any live vaccines against infectious diseases within 28 days of first dose of investigational products.
21. Refusal to sign informed consent.
New York, New York, 10032, United States
[email protected] / 212-342-5162
Status: Recruiting